Essay on Restorative Justice Forgiveness is the Best...

Restorative justice is concerned with healing victims wounds, restoring offenders to law-abiding lives, and repairing harm done to interpersonal relationships and the community. It seeks to involve all stakeholders and provide opportunities for those most affected by the crime to be directly involved in the process of responding to the harm caused†. The Rwanda government has suffered a tremendous violent act in the loss of their two major ethnic groups that consisted of the Hutu and Tutsi. The large scale of mass murder caused millions of orphans and un-circumscribable agony to a country that has yet to be restored and healed. After such tragic events of rape, torture and decapitation to innocent people, the widespread of horror still is†¦show more content†¦The emphasis was on gathering survivors, perpetrators and community members in an open space to discuss the truth about acts committed by the perpetrators of the genocide (Africa Policy Journal, 2007). Healing survivors to a certain extent through truth telling has been proven effective in South Africa, Liberia and Rwanda as a pillar of reconciliation. However it did not answer to the question of impunity. Moreover, the cost of peace is usually less than the cost of war. The people of Rwanda like those of Liberia have accepted peace rather than war by living together with their fellow citizens who committed atrocities. The Rwandan Government hoped to achieve several objectives by setting up the gacaca courts (Kubai, 2007, pp.56-57; Penal Reform International, 2010, p.14). Gacaca courts were considered to be the most efficient method to accelerate trials. Due to their nationwide presence it was hoped that gacaca courts would serve as a mechanism of deterrence in order to end the culture of impunity. The Rwandan Government also hoped that perpetrators would acknowledge their guilt and provide a narrative of the mass atrocities committed in order to establish the truth about the genoc ide (Clark, 2008, p.299). Uncovering of the truth was important since victims wanted to hear about the fate of their relatives (Clark, 2008, p.316). In addition, in order to prevent further violence it is essential toShow MoreRelatedThe Failing Punitive System Of Today s Society1298 Words   |  6 Pageswhen statistics prove otherwise? We must change the facts. Through the decrease of the maximum time in Solitary confinement, the creation of serious accountability for guards and those who work in the system, and through the creation of a more restorative program, we can improve our judicial branch, reducing the recidivism rate by more than 50 percent   (New York Times, â€Å"What’s Going on in Our Prisons.†). The United Nations has condemned the use of solitary confinement, categorizing it as tortureRead MoreNew Concepts That Generate Inspiration, Skepticism, Cognitive Shifts, And Derision Essay1511 Words   |  7 PagesThesis Traditional justice is vastly different from restorative justice as the former focuses on retribution. Indigenous people had a distinct way of approaching justice within their societies, their practice of restorative ways centered on a community approach. Offenders were made to accept responsibility for their deviant actions. The philosophy behind the practice is the community, victim, and offender coming together as one was needed to restore order and all move forward in a positiveRead MoreThe Death Penalty And The Rise Rate Of The Violent Crime1029 Words   |  5 PagesThus it is challenging, if not impossible, to determine the exact role of the capital punishment in a prevention of potential future crimes. From the financial perspective, the deterrence argument for the death penalty seems cost ineffective and inefficient. Given the small number of death row inmates, which is 2905 as of July 2016, based on the most recent data available, the cost of maintaining capital pu nishment seems to be prohibitory high (Death Row Inmates, 2016). Not every one of those 2905Read MoreEssay on Victim and Crime Evulation1159 Words   |  5 PagesCrime Evaluation Larry Fulse CJA /354 May 5, 2014 Joeseph Caulfield The Criminal Justice system today is our scale of judgment. It plays a major part in how we live and how we continue to live among all the dangers, evil and corruption that surrounds us. Without it there wouldn`t be the fine line of right and wrong, there wouldn`t be justice. Those that are considered victims in our criminal justice would turn and become the aggressors and the criminals if we didn`t have a Legal System, andRead MoreThe Missouri Model Of Juvenile Justice1363 Words   |  6 Pagesjuvenile justice was born after a 1969 federal report condemned quasi-penal-military atmospheres found in juvenile jails (Mendel 2010). Institutions that follow the Missouri Model focus on restorative justice, access to group treatment, individual therapy, and a humane environment. Juvenile offenders have basic necessities such as food and shelter, but also have access to education, recreation, health care, and counseling, all provided in a safe atmosphere. The Missouri Model of juvenile justice wasRead MoreRestorative Justice And The Criminal Justice System2380 Words   |  10 PagesTo What Extent Should Restorative Justice be incorporated within the Criminal Justice System in England and Wales? (2500 words) This essay will look into the notion of restorative justice and its relationship with the criminal justice system in England and Wales. Furthermore, it will also seek to show the extent of the relationship that the two hold. I believe that although some academics have provided research on the potential benefits regarding young offenders (Katz, 2000), there are still fundamentalRead MoreThe Canadian Criminal Justice System Is Often Represented1756 Words   |  8 PagesThe Canadian criminal justice system is often represented by the balanced scales of justice. These scales symbolize the need for the law to be viewed objectively in order to ensure a fair determination of innocence (Griffiths, 2011). Ideally, the criminal justice system should incorporate the values of the scales of justice to control crime and impose penalties on those who violate the law. However, despite justice being supposedly impartial, there is an overwhelming representation of AboriginalRead MoreThe Criminal Jus tice System And Crime2402 Words   |  10 Pages- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The criminal justice system views any crime as a crime committed against the state and places much emphasis on retribution and paying back to the community, through time, fines or community work. Historically punishment has been a very public affair, which was once a key aspect of the punishment process, through the use of the stocks, dunking chair, pillory, and hangman’s noose, although in today’s society punishment has become a lot more private (Newburn, 2007).Read MoreThe Concept of Restorative Justice2164 Words   |  9 PagesThe criminal justice system views any crime as a crime committed against the state and places much emphasis on retribution and paying back to the community, through time, fines or community work. Historically punishment has been a very public affair, which was once a key aspect of the punishment process, through the use of the stocks, dunking chair, pillory, and hangman’s noose, although in today’s society punishment has become a lot more private (Newburn, 2007). However it has been argued that althoughRead More The Criminal Justice System Essays2382 Words   |  10 PagesThe criminal justice system views any crime as a crime committed against the state and places much emphasis on retribution and paying back to the community, through time, fines or community work. Historically punishment has been a very public affair, which was once a key aspect of the punishment process, through the use of the stocks, dunking chair, pillory, and hangman’s noose, although in today’s society punishment has become a lot more private (Newburn, 2007). However it has been argued that

Drinking Is A Rite Of Passage For Teenagers - 1110 Words

Shera-Donne Lee Kenneth Luke Psychology 1301-I04 25 April 2017 One Drink Too Many In the country of Denmark, drinking is a rite of passage for teenagers. â€Å"Kids begin drinking around fifteen or sixteen years old, often even younger.† (Angelone AM1, 2013 ) The boys are encouraged more so than the girls, but none the less a 2010 study conducted by the University of Southern Denmark showed that fifty percent of girls, and fifty-seven person of boys had been drunk by the age of fifteen. It is legal for parents to purchase alcohol for minor children, but majority of parents follow the age sixteen limit guidelines for allowing their children to drink. There are no known alcohol awareness programs in the school systems in Denmark.†¦show more content†¦Also, the problems with alcohol is minor compared to other countries, mainly because the social atmosphere is more calm and slower paced with the drinks served in smaller portions. The Spanish Center for Sociological Research conducted a study in which it found that the majority of Spaniards identified themselves as Catholic Christians, but they do not attend services regularly. Investopedia sites Spain as being a developed country. They have a strong per capita gross domestic product, low infant mortality rate and a long life expectancy. The quality health care system that is in Spain is a major factor in the Spaniard’s average life span of eighty-two years old. Fifty-five percent of Spaniard adults have a secondary education. The workforce in Spain is successful due in part to the government’s improvement of skills and quality of training programs available. According to a report done by the BBC News, a drink at mealtime for young Italians was acceptable. Children in a traditional family consisting of a mother and father were taught by example how to drink conservatively and also that it is disrespectful to be drunk out in public. Because of the more resent untraditional structure of families, teenagers are binge drinking with their peers in order to get drunk. Authorities are now forcing bars to close early and to serve alcoholic beverages in smaller beakers rather than traditionalShow MoreRelatedAlcohol And Its Effects On Psychological And Physical Levels1212 Words   |  5 Pagessocial interaction. Alcohol is so ingrained into culture that it has become an indication of status, a declaration of membership, a gender-based choice, and a rite of passage (SIRC, 2014). Adolescents growing up in an environment in which alcohol is so prevalent are bound to experiment, and this has become an expectation. However, drinking impacts minors negatively on psychological and physical levels, and early use can greatly affect use later in life. The United States has employed many programsRead MoreAnalysis Of Selections From Once Upon A Quinceanera 1480 Words   |  6 PagesAtticus Ranck ENC 1101 8, October 2014 Latin Identity Many people have experienced a Rite of Passage at least once in their lives without recognizing it. Experiencing a Rite of Passage is necessary to becoming an adult. A Rite of Passage can be both formal and informal, they both indicate a shift from one state to another. Formal Rites of Passages are weddings, Quinceaà ±eras, and Bar Mitzvah, whereas informal Rites of Passages are a person’s first kiss, first job, and or the loss of a person s virginityRead MoreRites of Passage: The Journey to Adulthood1126 Words   |  5 PagesRites of Passage: The Journey to Adulthood The dictionary defines rites of passage as ceremonies that mark important transitional periods in a person’s life. It usually involves rituals and teachings that help shed their old roles and prepares them for their new roles. Although all boys and girls will go through a rite of passage to be considered an adult, the path they will take will differ greatly. The common point I have found them all to have is the age range at which this usually occursRead MoreEssay on Causes of Underage Drinking930 Words   |  4 PagesCauses of Underage Drinking Today, many teenagers experience different things in the world. Whether it is their first date or first day in high school, teens are always eager to try something different or new. One of the things that teenagers try is drinking alcohol. Unfortunately, underage drinkers often abuse alcohol. In this paper, I will try to shed some light on some of the reasons why teenagers drink alcohol at such premature age. The causes of underage drinking include peer pressureRead MoreNot Lowering the Drinking Age1642 Words   |  7 PagesLowering the Drinking Age Many teenage deaths in the United States are caused in some way by the influence of alcohol; however, many people still believe that the legal drinking age should be reduced to eighteen. This issue has been going on for years, but the law has not been changed since the change to twenty-one in 1980. States have become stricter about preventing under-age drinking, but teenagers have no problem getting alcohol. There are many arguments in favor of changing the drinking age backRead MoreRites Of Passage Of The Native Societies2492 Words   |  10 PagesCultures from countries of all around the world understood the importance of the transitional mark of adolescence to manhood. Rites of passage in some cultures are significant in which males are recognized as men after undergoing certain procedures and are conveyed differently; thus it helps them identify who they are in their family and their positions in their societies, as well as what the corresponding responsibilities are. Throughout the human history, there have been a diversity of male initiationRead MoreHazing Essay1484 Words   |  6 Pagesto the initiation rites that lead to more physical and mental injuries. Hazing now a day starts as young as the middle school level, where the age group varies from eleven to fourteen years of age. Although most reports at this level are of alleged hazing and mostly associated with sports, the students at the receiving end are scarred for life. In Kentucky, 6th grade students that were part of the basketball team were pushed against lockers by 7th graders as a rite of passage. In New York, fourRead MoreSubstance Abuse Among Teenagers And Adolescents1703 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (CASA), substance abuse among teenagers and adolescents is transforming into America’s number one public health problem, as numbers of high school and college students abusing drugs and alcohol are on the rise (2011). In a national survey done by CASA at Columbia University, they found that 75 percent of high school students have used an addictive substance. In addition, 46 percent of high school students rep orted currently using anRead MoreEssay on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse2432 Words   |  10 Pagesalthough trendier substances such as cocaine are often given more attention in the headlines (Carla Felsted, p. vii). Furthermore, it is widely acknowledged that drinking alcohol is a part of the youth culture in America; it may also be understood as a culturally conditioned and socially controlled behavior. In my generation drinking among underage kids is blamed on peers, accessibility, and adulthood. â€Å"Research shows that about 10 million Americans between ages 12 to 20 years had at least oneRead MoreIs It Really Just College?1033 Words   |  5 PagesDraft Inquiry 3 October 20, 2015 Is It Really Just College? A growing problem in today’s college culture is binge drinking and sexual assault. More and more teenagers in college are becoming sucked into this idea of drinking to get drunk. While the legal age is 21, it is not realistic to attempt to eradicate underage drinking from college campuses. However, the dangers of binge drinking can be catastrophic. And for parents, especially female parents, their greatest fear is someone abusing their child

Olanzapine Psychotropic Medication and Weight Gain

Question: Discuss about the Olanzapine Psychotropic Medication and Weight Gain. Answer: Introduction Olanzapine, formerly known as Zyprexa is a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved antipsychotic medication for the treatment of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia disorders. Olanzapine, which falls in the category of thienobenzodiazepine is a dopamine antagonist medicine marketed and manufactured by the Eli Lilly and Company Pharmaceautical Company. Before going generic in 2011, the medicine had already gained popularity because it had realized a total sale of $4.7 billion globally and $2.2 billion within the US alone (Correll, Sikich, Reeves Riddle 2013). Although the medicine has been credited with the treatment of bipolar and schizophrenia disorders, Olanzapine has been faulted because of several side effects such as weight gain on the users. This paper presents a critical analysis of the effects of Olanzapine on weight gain. It focuses on how the medication causes weight gain and goes ahead to analyze how the situation can be managed and prevented. Olanzapine and Weight Gain Despite the fact that Olanzapine has been glorified for being effective in causing insignificant extrapyramidal impacts and mental impairments on the bipolar and schizophrenia patients, it has been associated with a number of side effects such as weight gain. A large number of patients using the drug have reported weight gain. In fact, the medicine has a higher incidence of weight gain. Its users often complain of at least 7% increase in the body weight. According to previous research, the medicine causes weight gain because of its H1 receptor or potent 5-HT2C receptor (Brunner, Tohen, Osuntokun, Landry Thase 2014). How Olanzapine causes Weight Gain When an individual uses the medicine, the body weight increases. Although it is one of the most important psychiatric drugs in the market, Olanzapine has been proved to be one of the most troublesome medications when it comes to weight gain. Since the rate of weight gain varies from each person, it might not be possible to exactly estimate the accurate amount of weight gained as a result of the drug usage. Various factors such as lifestyle, medication regimen, and genetic profile play a significant role in determine the rate of weight loss in each person. Nevertheless, scientists have found out that the average Olanzapine-induced weight gain ranges from 61 lbs to 13 lbs within a period of 2 years. Research has established that the Olanzapine because of the several metabolic changes in introduces to the body of the users. These include the following: Appetite Increase: One of the changes introduced into the body by Olanzapine is increase in appetite. Scientific research has proven that the use of the medication makes people to feel so hungry and then eat a lot of food. Sometimes, the rate of hunger is so high to the extent that individuals are compelled to eat every now and then (Brunner, Tohen, Osuntokun, Landry Thase 2014). In fact, the situation can be worse to the extent that it forces people to wake up in the middle of the night to look for some food to eat. By encouraging people to eat a lot, the medication directly contributes to weight gain since a person with such an appetite might not have time to make a choice on food, but bumps on anything so long as it can address the problem of ravaging hunger. Blood Sugars: When used to treat the psychiatric disorders, Olanzapine can contribute to the rise in the level of glucose in the blood. The rise in the level of blood sugar brings changes in body metabolism that eventually results in weight gain. Failure to regulate the level of blood sugar in the body obviously leads to increase in body weight. So, if this persists, an individual can be affected by diabetes (Amiaz, Rubinstein, Czerniak, Karni Weiser 2016). Meaning, Olanzapine is a medication that has a potential of causing diabetes to those who are using it. There is a direct relationship between blood sugar and body weight. In fact, the problem of blood sugars, if not addressed in time, can result into obesity. Fat Build-Up: One of the functions of the body is to store fat. Fatty acids are important components of diet because they play a significant role in supplying the body with the energy required to at all times. Although the body has a mechanism for fat storage, it changes during medication because of the influences of Olanzapine (Tohen 2015). As established by the previous researchers, the presence of Olanzapine changes the way in which fat is stored in the body in different ways. First, it leads to the storage of large quantities of fat. Besides, it changes the storage points to unusual body parts such as breasts rather than the ordinary storage parts. All these result into increase in the body weight. Food Cravings: As already highlighted, Olanzapine increases appetite. While it may be an ordinary desire for food by some people, others might experience a high level of hunger. When this happens, they develop a high demand of food. Once an individual has a craving desire for food, they can end up eating anything they come across without considering whether it is appropriate or not (Daurignac, Leonar Dubovsky 2015). Some people even develop a craving desire for the foods that they have never been using before. This kind of behavior can result into weight gain for those who resort to consuming too much sugars and carbohydrates because of the use of Olanzapine. Taste Improvement: Olanzapine does not only cause food craving and boost appetite, but also improves tastes. When an individuals taste incredibly increases, they get the urge for more food and tend to eat a lot. However, this may expose one to weight gain because the more the taste improves, the higher the chances of consuming certain food products that can make one vulnerable to weight gain. For example a person who eats a lot of sugary foods after using the drug is likely to experience increase in body weight. So, in this case, it is only those who adopt a proper diet that can minimize the chances of weight gain even if they notice a change in their taste (Kloiber, Domschke, Ising, Arolt, Baune, Holsboer Lucae 2015). Otherwise, they might find it hard to regulate the kinds of foods to eat in response to the improved taste. Social Eating: One of benefits of Olanzapine is that it gives people an opportunity to address the psychiatric disorders and become sociable just like the rest of the normal people. Should this happen, one becomes quite interactive with many people, a social behavior that might lead them to go out on picnics and celebrations in which large portions of food are consumed (Zheng, Li, Tang, Xiang, Wang de Leon 2015). Unfortunately, this results into weight gain because of the likelihood of overuse of unhealthy diets. It is always not easy for the people in a celebratory mood to make a proper choice of the kind of foods to eat. So, in this case, it becomes inevitable to tame weight gain since the main focus is on the quantity, not quality of the food eaten. Gut Bacteria: Every human being has gut microbiome because of the important role it plays in the digestive system. One way through which the Olanzapine result into increased body weight is because of the manner in which it affects the normal functioning of the gut bacteria. When used in the body, Olanzapine disrupts and seriously interferes with the metabolic activities of the body. Such disruptions bring changes that make it difficult for the metabolic system to function and check on the weight (Kloiber, Domschke, Ising, Arolt, Baune, Holsboer Lucae 2015). This makes the individuals who are using the drug to become unable to control their body weight since every body system is not operating in the way it ought to. Hormones: When used to treat the mental disorders, Olanzapine is known to be having a direct impact on the body hormones. This happens mainly because the drug has been associated to the fluctuation in the level of various body hormones. Should that happen, body weight can increase. For instance, when used for some time, the drug can lead to the fluctuation of the levels of a hormone called prolactin which is known to be having a direct impact on the levels of testosterone in the body (Zheng, Li, Tang, Xiang, Wang de Leon 2015). By altering the levels of these hormones, Olanzapine contributes to the occurrence of weight gain by the drug user. For a normal functioning of the body, these hormones should always be stable without unnecessary fluctuations. Increased Thirst: Apart from causing hunger, Olanzapine has been attributed to making the users thirsty. Even if thirst should be ordinarily addressed by drinking water many people might be tempted to resorting to flavorful liquid food products like soup, soda, or juice to use in quenching the thirst instead of water. Once a person using the medication starts using these food products to quench thirst, it may develop to be a normal habit (Biedermann, Fleischhacker, Kemmler, Ebenbichler, Lechleitner Hofer 2014). The more this is done, the higher the chances of increasing the body weight because such flavors have food contents such as sugars that negatively impact on the body metabolism process. Metabolism: Olanzapine also contributes to weight gain by altering the normal functioning of the body. Precisely, when used in the body to treat the mental disorders, the drug leads to a decrease in the rate of metabolism. The lowering of body metabolism has a potential of increasing body weight because it makes it challenging for all the body mechanisms to operate in a normal way (Almandil, Liu, Murray, Besag, Aitchison Wong 2013). Metabolic activities in the body should always run in the right speed without any interference. So, when it is lowered, a drug user can get higher chances of increasing the body weight even if all the other measures such as healthy diet are observed. Inactivity: When used as a drug, olanzapine can make an individual to be physically inactive. The level of inactivity is fastened by the side effects of the drug such as sleepiness, drowsiness, and fatigue. Physical inactivity can be dangerous when an individual is still under medication because, amongst other effects, it slows the rate of body metabolism (Simpson, Glick, Weiden, Romano Siu 2014). A physically inactive individual is likely to gain weight because of lack of ability to burn calories. Individual Factors Influencing the Level of Weight Gain Although olanzapine use has a potential of increasing body weight, it should be noted that the extent of weight gain is not constant because it varies depending on individual unique factors such as lifestyle, dosage, length of medication period, and the effects of other medications used alongside olanzapine. Dosage, for example, has a direct impact on weight gain. Drug users are expected to use a recommended dose of 20 mg. however, when this is surpassed, one is likely to gain weight because the higher the dosage, the higher the chances of gaining weight (Evers, van Vliet, van Vugt, Scheurink van Dijk 2016). Lifestyle, on the other hand, impacts on the rate of weight gain because it is higher in those who have unhealthy lifestyles such as poor diet, less sleep, and lack of physical exercises. When it comes to the duration of drug use, it should be noted that the longer the period, the higher the chances of gaining weight because of tolerance. Management and Prevention of Weight Gain The fact that olanzapine impacts on the body weight do not imply that such psychotropic-induced weight gain cannot be managed. However, it should be acknowledged that the situation can be handled if appropriate strategies are put in place to manage and prevent it. These are discussed herein: First and foremost, olanzapine-induced weight gain can be minimized and eliminated by making a proper choice of the drug. It can be advantageous if the weight gain-inducing medications are avoided at all costs. When a patient seeks for medical prescription from a psychiatrist, the clinician should thoroughly assess the patient before coming up with the most appropriate psychotropic drug that can help the patient to prevent weight gain. For instance, when given an option of selecting from Ziprasidone, Paroxetine, aripiprazole, mirtazapine or bupropion; the latter should be preferred because it does not increase body weight (Montgomery, Treuer, Ye, Xue, Wu, Liu, Kadziola, Stensland Ascher-Svanum 2014). Proper choice of medication can help a patient to address the challenge of weight gain and deal with it in a timely manner. Secondly, the problem of weight gain can be dealt with by switching drug usage in the course of treatment. Since there are many alternative medications, a patient should not be compelled to stick to one particular drug if it is not effective in meeting all the conditions of antipsychotic medications (Simpson, Glick, Weiden, Romano Siu 2014). A. So, when the use of olanzapine is found to have resulted into unnecessary weight gain, its usage should be stopped forthwith before a more suitable alternative medication is gotten. However, when switching a patient from one medication to another, the clinician should ensure that all the challenges that might arise as a result of drug interactions, relapse, withdrawal as well as additive adverse effects are addressed without exposing the patient to further dangers. Last, but by no means the least, olanzapine-triggered weight gain can be addressed by the provision of non-pharmacologic interventions to psychiatric patients. When it is discovered that the use of olanzapine can inconvenience the patient by increasing the body weight, the clinician is free to resort to the use of non-pharmacological interventions such as exercise programs, nutrition counseling, and cognitive and psychological therapy. If properly utilized, these interventions can help in preventing weight gain or reduce the chances of weight gain for those who are already under psychotropic medications (Almandil, Liu, Murray, Besag, Aitchison Wong 2013). Lifestyle changes, diet usage and physical activities are known to be the remedial measures for weight gain. A patient who is adequately guided on these areas can learn how to battle psychiatric disorders without necessary gaining weight. Conclusion Olanzapine has been approved by the FDA because of its ability to treat bipolar disorder and schizophrenia disorders. If properly used, the medication can help in addressing the cognitive, behavioral and psychological challenges posed by the disorders. However, as much as much as Olanzapine is commended for its contributions, a lot of caution should be taken because of its side effects notably weight gain, which results from the drugs effects on appetite, hormones, thirst, fat build-up, and metabolism. Nevertheless, the problem of weight gain can be dealt with by avoiding the drug, switching its usage and application of non-pharmacological interventions. Hence, when using the medication, it is recommended to weigh its pros and cons before determining if it is really appropriate for the intended treatment. References Almandil, N.B., Liu, Y., Murray, M.L., Besag, F.M., Aitchison, K.J. and Wong, I.C., 2013. Weight gain and other metabolic adverse effects associated with atypical antipsychotic treatment of children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatric Drugs, 15(2), pp.139-150. Amiaz, R., Rubinstein, K., Czerniak, E., Karni, Y. and Weiser, M., 2016. A Diet and Fitness Program Similarly Affects Weight Reduction in Schizophrenia Patients Treated with Typical or Atypical Medications. Pharmacopsychiatry, 49(03), pp.112-116. Biedermann, F., Fleischhacker, W.W., Kemmler, G., Ebenbichler, C.F., Lechleitner, M. and Hofer, A., 2014. Sibutramine in the treatment of antipsychotic-induced weight gain: a pilot study in patients with schizophrenia. International clinical psychopharmacology, 29(3), pp.181-184. Brunner, E., Tohen, M., Osuntokun, O., Landry, J. and Thase, M.E., 2014. Efficacy and safety of olanzapine/fluoxetine combination vs fluoxetine monotherapy following successful combination therapy of treatment-resistant major depressive disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology, 39(11), pp.2549-2559. Correll, C.U., Sikich, L., Reeves, G. Riddle, M., 2013. Metformin for antipsychotic-related weight gain and metabolic abnormalities: when, for whom, and for how long?. American Journal of Psychiatry, 170(9), pp.947-952. Daurignac, E., Leonard, K.E. Dubovsky, S.L., 2015. Increased lean body mass as an early indicator of olanzapine-induced weight gain in healthy men. International clinical psychopharmacology, 30(1), pp.23-28. Evers, S.S., van Vliet, A., van Vugt, B., Scheurink, A.J. and van Dijk, G., 2016. A low TSH profile predicts olanzapine-induced weight gain and relief by adjunctive topiramate in healthy male volunteers. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 66, pp.101-110. Kloiber, S., Domschke, K., Ising, M., Arolt, V., Baune, B.T., Holsboer, F. and Lucae, S., 2015. Clinical risk factors for weight gain during psychopharmacologic treatment of depression: results from 2 large German observational studies. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 76(6), pp.802-808. Montgomery, W., Treuer, T., Ye, W., Xue, H.B., Wu, S.H., Liu, L., Kadziola, Z., Stensland, M.D. Ascher-Svanum, H., 2014. Does participation in a weight control program also improve clinical and functional outcomes for chinese patients with schizophrenia treated with olanzapine?. Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 10, p.1287. Simpson, G.M., Glick, I.D., Weiden, P.J., Romano, S.J. and Siu, C.O., 2014. Randomized, controlled, double-blind multicenter comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of ziprasidone and olanzapine in acutely ill inpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry. Tohen, M., 2015. Psychotropic Agents and the Prediction of Weight Gain. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 76(11), pp.1474-1475. Zheng, W., Li, X.B., Tang, Y.L., Xiang, Y.Q., Wang, C.Y. de Leon, J., 2015. Metformin for weight gain and metabolic abnormalities associated with antipsychotic treatment: meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Journal of clinical psychopharmacology, 35(5), pp.499-509.

Mt.Zion free essay sample

Ahead of me is a makeshift cross held upright by rocks. Is this it? Answered by the sound of bulky packs thumping into the snow. I am here. Ascending treacherous Mt. Zion brought rough terrain, ten-hour climbs, and insufficient rest. Unaccustomed to fifty pounds on my back, my body ached. Each step I took pain scorched my lower body. Concluding the first day, my hips were bruised, legs torn, and ego destroyed. Day two: the Yasher Forest. Monstrous trees collapsed at my feet, I search for the sky but all I discover are countless treetops. A wall of dirt is before me- it seems to go on for eternity. Using my stamina I grab onto the vicious mountain and hoist myself up. My palms, pierced with pricks, my body pleads with me to quit. Hours later, I squint my eyes and peer ahead: white, sparkling, glowing, snow. Filled with unfamiliar hope, I will summit. We will write a custom essay sample on Mt.Zion or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Don’t you dare look down. I do. Below me is a sea of white, if I fall there is nothing to catch me. I stumble. My vision blurs, hands trembling, I forget to breathe. Knowing without my ice axe, right now I would be cascading down Zion. Repeating my mantra several times, I am focused, I climb on. Summit day. The white in front of my eyes startles me. Clouds and fog creates a strenuous journey. Impatience grows inside me; the sun will be setting soon. Before long, I see the cross. The simple wooden cross barley held together by a bandana on top of Zion is a memory that will never be erased. The instant I saw it a sense of satisfaction and accomplishment raced through me. I’m here. Standing under the vast red-orange sun, I am insignificant. On top of tremendous Mt. Zion, I am minuscule. My surroundings overwhelm me, what’s more astounding—I got myself there. Ascending Mt. Zion made me want to scream, â€Å"I give up!† But the gratification I experienced on the summit is my reminder to persist and be focused.